PESANTREN RAKYAT DAN PENJAGA TRADISI KEAGAMAAN DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

Zainal, AZ and Ikhsan, Muh., MI and Pairin, P (2018) PESANTREN RAKYAT DAN PENJAGA TRADISI KEAGAMAAN DI SULAWESI TENGGARA. Project Report. IAIN KENDARI. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study examines three Islamic boarding schools in Southeast Sulawesi with three categories, the category of urban Islamic schools represented by the Ummushabri in Kendari, a rural boarding school represented by Raudhatul Jannah in West Muna District, and the migrant boarding school represented by An Nuur Azubaidi in Konawe District. Using a socio-religious-anthropological approach, this study try to analyze the uniqueness and distinctiveness of Islamic boarding schools in Southeast Sulawesi, interaction, role, and contribution of the pesantren in maintaining the Islamic traditions and building community religiosity. The results found that the uniqueness of pesantren are (a) the management system of pesantren that relied on outside educators, (b) strengthening kinship ties (emotional genealogical and intellectual) with chaplain in Java, (c) the leadership of the pesantren is not limited to the founding families of the pesantren, (d) maintains NU religious traditions and practices, (e) fosters community religiosity despite the lack of scientific capacity of pesantren and minimal funds, (f) one pesantren with various styles and religious understanding, (g) naming pesantren but the basic elements of the pesantren are not fulfilled, (h) the mention and appreciation are different between Javanese ustadz and local teachers. The main challenges in the establishment and development of Islamic boarding schools in Southeast Sulawesi are (a) the initial funding of establishment is independent funds or relying on assistance, (b) the number of santri who tend to be stagnant due to strong competition, (c) lack of availability of human resources, (d) response and public interest that is unfair to pesantren. The interaction of Islamic boarding schools with santri and community outreach could not be separated socially, culturally, and religiously. These things are in daily relations and interactions between pesantren and santri and outreach communities. Two forms of social, cultural and religious interactions, namely the first role of actors who are personal-subjective; and both institutional structural roles. The role of actor in question is divided into two, the role of caregivers and the role of santri. However, studies of three pesantren loci in Southeast Sulawesi underscore the obscurity of categories among the classification of traditional pesantren and modern pesantren, where the dynamics of pesantren and the scientific spectrum have brought obscurity in the classification of pesantren whose boundaries are not very clear. This research confirms that Islamic boarding schools in Southeast Sulawesi portraits the role of people, because people or the surrounding community build and support the life, growth and development of schools, not on the central figure as it does in Java. Keywords: intellectual genalogy; kiyai; Islamic boarding school; santri

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